Molecular hydrogen modulates brain glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle in overweight humans

Introduction We evaluated whether 12-week intake of molecular hydrogen (H2) in 5 overweight adults (3 women; age: 50.2 ±11.9 years, body mass index: 29.4 ±2.1 kg/m2) affects brain levels the glutamate-glutamine-GABA cycle, critical amino acid neurotransmitters mechanism neuronal activation during appetite regulation. Material and methods A 1.5-T single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to assess tissue concentrations relevant metabolites. Results The mean glutamate glutamate-plus-glutamine at posterior cingulate gyrus decreased significantly study; this accompanied by a significant drop GABA left prefrontal white matter, glutathione anterior gyrus. No changes metabolites were found comparable group individuals (n = 4, 2 41.0 ±13.9, BMI 26.8 ±1.3 followed-up past without treatment. Conclusions showed possible hydrogen-driven upregulation involved stimulation leading hunger suppression weight loss. Further studies analyzing appetite-controlling metabolic pathways affected H2 would require monitoring additional biomarkers satiation satiety different feeding regimens.